3D IMAGE File Extension Full Forms List

 

Keyword              Full Forms

1.      .3DM     Rhino 3D Model

2.      .3DS       3D Studio Scene

3.      .MAX     3ds Max Scene File

4.      .OBJ       Wavefront 3D Object File

VIDEO File Extension Full Forms

 

VIDEO File Extension Full Forms List

Keyword              Full Forms

1.      .3G2       3GPP2 Multimedia File

2.      .3GP       3GPP Multimedia File

3.      .ASF       Advanced Systems Format File

4.      .AVI        Audio Video Interleave File

5.      .FLV       Flash Video File

6.      .M4V     iTunes Video File

7.      .MOV     Apple QuickTime Movie

8.      .MP4      MPEG-4 Video File

9.      .MPG     MPEG Video File

10.   .RM        RealMedia File

11.   .SRT       SubRip Subtitle File

12.   .SWF      Shockwave Flash Movie

13.   .VOB      DVD Video Object File

14.   .WMV    Windows Media Video File

AUDIO File Extension Full Forms List

 

Keyword              Full Forms

1.      .AIF        Audio Interchange File Format

2.      .IFF         Interchange File Format

3.      .M3U     Media Playlist File

4.      .M4A     MPEG-4 Audio File

5.      .MID      MIDI File

6.      .MP3      MP3 Audio File

7.      .MPA     MPEG-2 Audio File

8.      .WAV     WAVE Audio File

9.      .WMA    Windows Media Audio File

ALL File Extension Full Forms

 

Keyword          Full Forms

1.        .mp3    MPEG Audio Layer 3

2.        .txt       Text/Plain

3.        .docx    Document (without Macros)

4.        .docm   Document (with Macros)

5.        .ppt      PowerPoint Presentation

6.        .csv      Comma Separated Values

7.        .pdf      Portable Document Format

8.        .gif       Graphics Interchange Format

9.        .xd       Adobe XD Document

10.   .mpeg   Moving Picture Experts Group

11.   .wmv    Windows Media Video

12.   .flv       Flash Video

13.   .avi      Audio Video Interleave

14.   .mp4    MPEG Layer 4

15.   .psd      Photoshop Document

16.   .ai        Illustrator Document

17.   .cdr      Corel Draw Document

18.   .sketch Sketch Document

19.   .asf       Advanced Systems Format

20.   .rar      It is a archive file format that supports data compression

21.   .divX    Digital Video Express (DivX-encoded Movie)

22.   .aiff      Audio Interchange File Format

23.   .bmp    Windows Bitmap

24.   .m3u    Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3 Uniform Resource Locator This file format is like an extension for Mp3 as it is used in it.

25.   .wav     Waveform PCM Audio

26.   .wma    Windows Media Audio

27.   .bwf     Broadcast Wave Format

28.   .dat      Digital Audio Tape

29.   .vue      Vue.js (Document)

30.   .py       Python Document (File)

31.   .ts        TypeScript (Document)

32.   .js        Javascript (Document)

33.   .sub      Subtitle File

34.   .me      Readme Text File

35.   .fdr      Final Draft Document

36.   .bat      Microsoft’s Batch Processing

EXECUTABLE File Extension Full Forms List

 

Keyword          Full Forms

1.        .APK                      Android Package File

2.        .APP                      macOS Application

3.        .BAT                      DOS Batch File

4.        .CGI                       Common Gateway Interface Script

5.        .COM                     DOS Command File

6.        .EXE                      Windows Executable File

7.        .GADGET              Windows Gadget

8.        .JAR                       Java Archive File

9.        .WSF                     Windows Script File

SYSTEM File Extension Full Forms List

 

             Keyword          Full Forms

1.        .CAB               Windows Cabinet File

2.        .CPL                Windows Control Panel Item

3.        .CUR               Windows Cursor

4.        .DESKTHEMEPACK             Windows 8 Desktop Theme Pack File

5.        .DLL                Dynamic Link Library

6.        .DMP               Windows Memory Dump

7.        .DRV               Device Driver

8.        .ICNS              macOS Icon Resource File

9.        .ICO                Icon File

10.   .LNK               Windows File Shortcut

11.   .SYS                Windows System File

Computer Network Protocols

 There are various types of protocols that support a major and compassionate role in communicating with different devices across the network. These are:

1. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

2. Internet Protocol (IP)

3. User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

4. Post office Protocol (POP)

5. Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)

6. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

7. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

8. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)

9. Telnet

10. Gopher

Let's discuss each of them briefly:

1. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): TCP is a popular communication protocol which is used for communicating over a network. It divides any message into series of packets that are sent from source to destination and there it gets reassembled at the destination.

2. Internet Protocol (IP): IP is designed explicitly as addressing protocol. It is mostly used with TCP. The IP addresses in packets help in routing them through different nodes in a network until it reaches the destination system. TCP/IP is the most popular protocol connecting the networks.

3. User Datagram Protocol (UDP): UDP is a substitute communication protocol to Transmission Control Protocol implemented primarily for creating loss-tolerating and low-latency linking between different applications.

4. Post office Protocol (POP): POP3 is designed for receiving incoming E-mails.

5. Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP): SMTP is designed to send and distribute outgoing E-Mail.

6. File Transfer Protocol (FTP): FTP allows users to transfer files from one machine to another. Types of files may include program files, multimedia files, text files, and documents, etc.

7. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP): HTTP is designed for transferring a hypertext among two or more systems. HTML tags are used for creating links. These links may be in any form like text or images. HTTP is designed on Client-server principles which allow a client system for establishing a connection with the server machine for making a request. The server acknowledges the request initiated by the client and responds accordingly.

8. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS): HTTPS is abbreviated as Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure is a standard protocol to secure the communication among two computers one using the browser and other fetching data from web server. HTTP is used for transferring data between the client browser (request) and the web server (response) in the hypertext format, same in case of HTTPS except that the transferring of data is done in an encrypted format. So it can be said that https thwart hackers from interpretation or modification of data throughout the transfer of packets.

9. Telnet: Telnet is a set of rules designed for connecting one system with another. The connecting process here is termed as remote login. The system which requests for connection is the local computer, and the system which accepts the connection is the remote computer.

10. Gopher: Gopher is a collection of rules implemented for searching, retrieving as well as displaying documents from isolated sites. Gopher also works on the client/server principle.

Some Other Protocols

Some other popular protocols act as co-functioning protocols associated with these primary protocols for core functioning. These are:

• ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

• IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol)

• SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)

• RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol)

• RLP (Resource Location Protocol)

• RAP (Route Access Protocol)

• L2TP (Layer Two Tunnelling Protocol)

• PPTP (Point To Point Tunnelling Protocol)

• SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

• TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

Advanced MS Word Shortcut List

 Basic Text Formats

Alt+Shift+F or Ctrl+D Open the Font dialog box (or Font Dialog box if you prefer to memorize D)

Ctrl+Space Clear most formatting from selection (bold, underline, italic, color, etc)

Ctrl+Shift+N Apply Normal style

Ctrl+Shift+8 Toggle display of hidden formatting symbols

3.2 Font Format Shortcuts

Ctrl+B Apply/remove Bold

Ctrl+I Apply/remove Italic

Ctrl+U Apply/remove Underline

Ctrl+Shift+D Apply/remove Double-underline

Ctrl+Shift+W Apply/remove Words underline (only words, no spaces)

3.3 Letter Case and Sub/ Superscript

Shift+F3 Change text between all upper-, first letter upper- and all lower-case

Ctrl+Shift+A Apply/remove Capitalization format

Ctrl+Shift+K Apply/remove Small Caps format

Ctrl+= Apply/remove subscript

Ctrl+Shift+= Apply/remove superscript

3.4 Font Size and Color Shortcuts

Ctrl+[/] Decrease / Increase font size one point

Ctrl+Shift+</> Decrease / Increase font size one value as defined in font style

Shift+F1 Reveal Formatting (show all formats of selection)

Ctrl+Alt+H Apply/remove text Highlight to selection

3.5 Hide and Show Text

Ctrl+Shift+H Hide selected text; e.g. for sharing and letting others focus on specific sections in a document only. Not a security feature.

Ctrl+A, then Ctrl+D, then 2x Alt+H Show all hidden text via Select All, Font Dialog, remove Hidden text format

3.6 Font Format Shortcuts via Ribbon

H, FF Change Font Face, then start typing for autocomplete, or Alt+Arrow Down to open drop down

H, FS Change Font Size, type number and hit Enter

H, FC Change Font Color. Press Escape, then Enter to apply current color

Alt+H+4 Apply strikethrough formatting

4. Word Shortcuts to Align Text, Headings, and Paragraph Spacing

4.1 Align and Indent Text Shortcuts

Ctrl+R Right-align selected text

Ctrl+L Left-align selected text

Ctrl+J Justify-align selected text (straight edges on both sides)

Ctrl+E Center-align selected text

Ctrl+M Indent Text (Move text to the right)

Ctrl+Shift+M Outdent Text

Ctrl+T Create/ increase hanging indent

Ctrl+Shift+T Remove/ decrease hanging indent

4.2 Line and Paragraph Spacing

Ctrl+0 Toggle spacing before paragraph

Ctrl+1 Single line spacing

Ctrl+2 Double line spacing

Ctrl+5 Apply line spacing of 1.5

4.3 Heading Shortcuts

Alt+Ctrl+1 Apply Heading 1 style

Alt+Ctrl+2 Apply Heading 2 style

Alt+Ctrl+3 Apply Heading 3 style

Alt+Shift+Arrow Right/Arrow Left Promote / demote Headings

Ctrl+Shift+S Open Apply Styles task pane (will not close with pressing it a second time)

5. Undo, Redo, Cut, Copy and Paste Word Shortcuts

5.1 Undo, Redo, and Repeat

Ctrl+Z Undo previous action (up to 100 by default; limit can be changed)

Ctrl+Y Redo undone action

F4 Repeat action

5.2 Standard Cut, Copy, and Paste

Ctrl+C Copy selected content to clipboard

Ctrl+X Cut selected content to clipboard

Ctrl+V Paste clipboard content into document

Alt+H, VT Paste text only via Home Ribbon, Paste (V), Text only

Ctrl+Shift+C Copy format of selection into Format Clipboard

Ctrl+Shift+V Paste format to selection from Format Clipboard

5.3 Extended Clipboard (Spike additive clipboard)

Ctrl+F3 Cut text into to Spike (additive clipboard). Add as many non-adjacent areas as desired

Ctrl+Shift+F3 Paste text from Spike and reset Spike

5.4 Move Selections

Shift+Alt+Arrow Up/Arrow Down Move current paragraph or (if selected) multiple paragraphs in text. Cannot move part of paragraph with this

Ctrl+Drag Move selected text

F2, move cursor to new location, then enter Moves selected text to new location

Shift+F2, move cursor to new location, then enter Copies selected text to new location

6. Word Shortcuts for Special Characters

Alt+Ctrl+C Insert Copyright symbol

Alt+Ctrl+T Insert Ttrademark symbol

Alt+Ctrl+R Insert Registered Trademark symbol

Alt+Ctrl+E Insert Euro Currency symbol

Alt+Ctrl+. Insert horizontal ellipsis (…)

Alt, then n,u Insert Symbol (insert menu)

Ctrl+Shift+Space Insert nonbreaking space

Ctrl+Shift+- (Hyphen) Insert nonbreaking hyphen

Ctrl+- Insert optional hyphen

Type character code and press Alt+X Insert Unicode character, e.g. 20ac

Alt+character code on numeric keyboard Insert ANSI character

Ctrl+K Insert a hyperlink

7. Word Shortcuts for Find and Replace

Ctrl+H Open classic find and replace window

Ctrl+H, then Alt+D Open classic find window

Alt+F Find next

Shift+F4 Repeat last find after closing find window

Ctrl+Tab Jump between find menu and document

Alt+Space, Arrow keys and Enter Move find menu window

Esc Close traditional search window if active

Ctrl+F Open (new) search menu in navigation task pane

Alt,W,K Open and close Navigation pane (View, Navigation)

8. Word Shortcuts to Open, Close, Manage, and Print Documents

8.1 Manage Documents

Ctrl+N Create new document

Ctrl+O Open document

Ctrl+W Close document (Close Window)

Ctrl+S Save document

F12 Save document as

Alt, then F, R Open Recent (File, Recent)

8.2 Print Shortcuts

Ctrl+P Go to Print document/ print preview

Ctrl+P, then Enter Print document

Ctrl+mouse wheel Zoom in/ zoom out in preview

Page Up/Page Down Up a page/ down a page in preview

Ctrl+Home/Ctrl+End Jump to beginning/ end of document in preview

Esc Exit print preview and return to document

9. Word Shortcuts to Manage Views, Split Screen and Multiple Documents

Alt+Ctrl+S Toggle Split of document window

Ctrl+scroll mouse up/down Zoom in/ out

Alt then w, q Open Zoom Menu (no native shortcut exists for zoom in/ zoom out)

Alt+Ctrl+O Switch to Outline view

Alt+Ctrl+P Switch to Print Layout view

Alt+Ctrl+N Switch to Draft view (used to be normal view)

Ctrl+F6 Switch forward to next open Word documents (easier than Alt+Tab as only word documents are iterated)

Ctrl+Shift+F6 Switch backwards to previous open Word documents (easier than Alt+Tab as only word documents are iterated)

10. Word Shortcuts for Date, Time, and other Fields

10.1 Insert Common Fields

Alt+Shift+D Insert current Date field

Alt+Shift+T Insert current Tate field

Alt+Shift+P Insert Page number field

Alt+Shift+O Insert Table of Content field

Alt+Shift+X Insert Index field

Alt+Shift+L Insert LISTNUM field

10.2 Manage Fields

Alt+F9 Toggle show/ hide fields

F9 Update all fields

F11/Shift+F11 Go to next/ go to previous field

Ctrl+F11 Lock field

Ctrl+Shift+F11 Unlock field

11. Word Shortcuts for Outline View

Ctrl+Shift+O Switch to Outline View

Tab/Shift+Tab Promote / Demote a paragraph (or Alt+Shift+Arrow Left/Arrow Right)

Alt+Shift+Arrow Up/Arrow Down Move selected paragraphs up / down

Ctrl+Shift+N Demote to body text (set style to normal)

Alt+Shift+plus /- Expand / Collapse text under a heading

Alt+Shift+A Expand or collapse all text or headings

/ key on the numeric keypad Hide or display character formatting

Alt+Shift+L Show the first line of body text or all body text

Alt+Shift+1 Show all headings with the Heading 1 style

Alt+Shift+N Show all headings up to Heading n

Ctrl+Tab Insert a tab character

12. Word Shortcuts for Tables

Arrow Down/Arrow Up Jump one row down / one row up

Tab/Shift+Tab Jump to (and select) next / previous table cell

Alt+Home/Alt+End Jump to first column/ jump to last column

Alt+Page Up/Alt+Page Down Jump to first row / jump to last row

Ctrl+Arrow Left/Ctrl+Arrow Right One cell to the left / to the right

Shift+End Select current table cell

end, then shift+Home Select content of current table cell

Press and hold shift and press arrow keys repeatedly Extend selection to adjacent cells

Ctrl+Shift+f8, then press Extend selection or block

Alt+5 on numeric keypad (with numLock off) Select an entire table

Alt+Shift+Arrow Up/Alt+Shift+Arrow Down Move current row up or down

In first column, press shift+End Select row*

In first row press Alt+Shift+Page Down Select column

Shift+Delete Delete columns with columns selected

MS Word Shortcut

 MS Word Shortcut List

Working with documents

·         Open a document: Ctrl + O

·         Create a new document: Ctrl + N

·         Save the current document: Ctrl + S

·         Open the Save As window: F12

·         Close the current document: Ctrl + W

·         Split the window: Alt + Ctrl + S

 

Moving around in a document

·         Move the insertion point: Arrow

·         Move one word at a time: Ctrl + Left/Right Arrow

·         Move one paragraph at a time: Ctrl + Up/Down Arrow

·         Move to the beginning of the current line: Home

·         Move to the beginning of the document: Ctrl + Home

·         Move to end of the current line: Ctrl + End

·         Move to end of the document: Ctrl + End

 

Editing documents

·         Cut the current selection: Ctrl + X

·         Copy the current selection: Ctrl + C

·         Paste the contents of the clipboard: Ctrl + V

·         Bold: Ctrl + B

·         Italics: Ctrl + I

·         Underline: Ctrl + U

·         Underline words only: Ctrl + Shift + W

·         Center: Ctrl + E

·         Make the font smaller: Ctrl + [

·         Make the font bigger: Ctrl + ]

·         Change text to uppercase: Ctrl + Shift + A

·         Change text to lowercase: Ctrl + Shift K

·         Insert a page break: Ctrl + Enter

·         Add a hyperlink: Ctrl + K

 

Selecting text

·         Select everything in the document: Ctrl + A

·         Select text one character at a time: Shift + Arrow

·         Select text one word at a time: Ctrl + Shift + Arrow

·         Select from insertion point back to start of the line: Shift + Home

·         Select from the insertion point to end of the line: Shift + End

·         Enter selection mode: F8

·         Cut text to the spike: Ctrl + F3

·         Paste the spike: Ctrl + Shift + F3

 

Using tables

·         Move to the next cell: Tab

·         Move to the previous cell: Shift + Tab

·         Move to the first cell in a row: Alt + Home

·         Move to the last cell in a row: Alt + End

·         Move to the top of a column: Alt + Page Up

·         Move to the bottom of a column: Alt + Page Down

 

General tasks

·         Undo: Ctrl + Z

·         Redo: Ctrl + Y

·         Help: F1

·         Zoom: Alt + W, Q

Cancel: Esc